National People 's Congress: to strengthen the industry to promote tungsten ore mining, tungsten raw materials industry healthy development

Tungsten with excellent physical and chemical properties, in economic construction, national defense construction is widely used, is the most important carbide production of raw materials, has a very important strategic significance. China's tungsten resources reserves, production, trade and consumption rank first in the world, with a larger resource advantage.
National People's Congress said that due to various reasons, the current domestic tungsten mining enterprises are facing a serious crisis, in some places Pirates of mining, stealing mining, private mining phenomenon despite repeated prohibitions, some local enterprises without indicators, super indicators of production, Polluting the environment and other blind pursuit of short-term interests of the behavior, the impact of the industry order. In addition, in the process of price tax reform, due to the high value, the adjusted tungsten ore resource tax rate has increased, the industry loss of expansion, some enterprises suffered losses or low profits. He suggested that to increase the protection of resources, strengthen the industry regulation, and promote the healthy development of tungsten mining industry.
It is suggested that the structural reform of the supply side of the tungsten industry and the cemented carbide production enterprises should be deepened, the supervision and management of the tungsten industry should be strengthened, and the enterprises that do not meet the requirements should be shut down and strictly controlled, and the capacity expansion should be strictly controlled to speed up the elimination of backward production capacity , Proposed to introduce production capacity subsidy policy, a strong push to the tungsten industry supply side of the structural reform;
Second, strict control of the total amount of mining control management, joint business, public security, tax and other departments to strengthen the supervision of tungsten ore production enterprises;
Third, it is recommended to implement a flexible resource tax collection policy. It is proposed to reduce the resource tax rate, the implementation of tungsten concentrate market price linked to the floating tax rate policy, and effectively for enterprises to reduce the burden;
Fourth, it is proposed to develop a national tungsten resource reserve plan to speed up the establishment of a reasonable structure of the national tungsten mineral resources reserve system to protect the national economic security, national defense security and market supply and demand balance. Continue to stop the handling of tungsten mining warrants, clear new proven tungsten resources into the national strategic resource reserves;
Five is to improve the national strategy, commercial reserve mechanism, according to the specific needs of domestic tungsten industry production and domestic and international tungsten market price of tungsten products to prevent tungsten concentrate is excessive consumption, to ensure smooth operation of tungsten raw materials prices, promote tungsten industry Healthy and sustainable development.

China's rapid development of new materials industry but the competitiveness is still weak

In recent years, under the policy support, China's rapid development of new materials industry, the implementation of innovation-driven development strategy has played a positive role. But at present, the new material industry competitiveness is still weak, the core key material external dependence is still high. The future, but also need to further strengthen the policy guidance, improve the market environment.
Material industry is the basis of a country's industrial system, the development of new materials is related to the development of high-tech industries and emerging industries. As a result, China has introduced a number of targeted policies to encourage the development of new materials industry.
However, the material field is a major feature of R & D investment, research and development cycle is long, so despite the strong national support, but the actual situation is not optimistic, the key new material self-sufficiency rate is still worrying.
In addition to the core key new material self-sufficiency rate is not high, there are some areas of excess concerns. For example, polysilicon, carbon fiber, lithium and other hot new materials appear together, in some areas into a structural excess dilemma.
In this regard, the future can try to build a world-class new material innovation heights to attract more professionals. At the same time, landing related industries to support policies, improve the policy guidance mechanism.
New material is considered one of the most promising areas of the 21st century, and its importance is self-evident. In particular, China's economic structure is facing transformation and upgrading, but also need to support the new materials industry, laying the foundation for the development of manufacturing and real economy, the prospects are very optimistic.
According to the prospective industry research institute released the "China New Materials Industry Market Outlook and Investment Strategic Planning Analysis Report" data show that China's new material industry output value from 650 billion yuan in 2010 to 2014, 1.6 trillion yuan, the average annual growth rate Up to 25%.
It is foreseeable that in the next few years, the new materials industry will remain in the gold development period, the output value to maintain rapid growth, the average annual growth rate is expected to remain at 20% or more, the development of huge space.
At the same time, with the policy support continued to increase, the new material industry market potential gradually released. By 2020, the new materials industry is expected to become the leading industry of the national economy.
In addition, new energy vehicles, wearable equipment, aerospace industry and other emerging areas of vigorous development, will also further stimulate the growth of new materials industry, accelerate the core key material breakthrough.

2017 economy "warm" start "reform spring" where to blow?

 Recently published macroeconomic data show that China's economy is still ushering in the "warm" start.

    March 1, the National Bureau of Statistics released the latest data show that in February the official manufacturing PMI was 51.6%, not only for seven consecutive months in the top line, but also higher than the market expected 51.2%.

    Earlier, the January import and export figures showed that exports in renminbi increased by 15.9% year on year and 25.2% year on year. Niuzhou Securities Global Chief Economist Deng Haiqing said that even if the elimination of the history of low base factors, the actual import and export growth rate can still reach 7% and 15%.

    These good momentum to become the basis of this year's policy layout. February 28, the Central Financial Leading Group held its fifteenth meeting timely attention to the four major areas of concern: to production capacity, prevention and control of financial risks, the establishment of the real estate market to promote steady and healthy development of long-term mechanism to revitalize the manufacturing sector. This is also the market interpreted as 2017 "steady progress" of the key starting point.

    The earlier meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee has provided a flexible implementation space for these policies "commitments": "to achieve this year's economic and social development objectives and tasks, to stabilize and improve macroeconomic policies, continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy And a prudent monetary policy. "

     "Where is the spring breeze?" The answer seems to be ready.

    Economic stability poised to continue to pick up

    The recovery from the manufacturing boom is the "stabilizer" of market sentiment since the beginning of the year.

    February official manufacturing PMI is expected to rise to 51.6%, sub-data, domestic demand, external demand production have picked up. The same day released in February the new manufacturing PMI increased by 0.7 percentage points in January to 51.7%, also for six consecutive months to maintain the top line in the wing line. Taking into account the two PMI survey sampling range covers large state-owned enterprises and small and medium private enterprises, to some extent reflects the round of the rise has universal significance.

    For the February manufacturing industry PMI, the National Bureau of Statistics Service Survey Center senior statistics Zhao Qinghe interpretation that there are four characteristics: the manufacturing market demand recovery, production tends to be active; domestic and international demand has improved, import and export continue The new momentum to continue to force, equipment manufacturing and high-tech manufacturing industry continued good momentum of development. Equipment manufacturing and high-tech manufacturing PMI was 53.3% and 54.6%, respectively, higher than the manufacturing industry overall 1.7 and 3.0 percentage points, especially the equipment manufacturing industry PMI for nearly three years high; business confidence in the future development continued to increase. Production and business activities expected the index is 60%, rising for two consecutive months, and in a high boom range, the company is expected to continue to be optimistic about the market.

    In the sub-index, the production index and the new order index were 53.7% and 53.0%, respectively, compared with January rose 0.6 and 0.2 percentage points. The new export orders index and import index were 50.8% and 51.2%, respectively, higher than 0.5 percentage points in January, for four consecutive months in the expansion interval.

    The expansion of production from the micro-data can also see clues. "From the high-frequency indicators, 1 to 2 months of coal consumption growth of 14.8%, blast furnace operating rate increased by 28.5%." Shen Wanhong source chief macro analyst Li Huiyong is expected, low base stack of small cycle recovery will push up 1 ~ 2 Month industrial added value growth rate to 6.7%.

    The economic recovery situation, which has been boosted gradually since the second half of 2016, has also made the market optimistic about the overall trend in 2017. China People's University National Development and Strategic Research Institute recently released macroeconomic monthly data analysis report is expected in 2017 China's economic situation is stable, GDP growth is expected to reach 6.5% to 7%, CPI rose 2.5% to 3%. CICC even raised its forecast for the year's economic growth this year, from the original 6.7% to 6.8%.

    However, even if it is full of confidence in the steady growth of the economy throughout the year, in the majority of experts interviewed, the realization of the process will be "before the high and low" trend.

    The output index and the new order index rebounded in January from the PMI sub-item of the new China manufacturing sector in February, while the raw material inventory returned to the expansion interval, but the finished goods inventory continued. Down, manufacturers continue to maintain the sustainability of inventory remains to be seen. The input and output price indices remained high, but were further slower than in January. China's economy continues to pick up in February, but it is not yet possible to assert that the trend is forming, the second quarter or the critical window period.

     "4 quarter of last year's economic recovery momentum in the first half of this year will continue, but in the second half with the terminal demand weakened and re-inventory cycle near the end, superimposed the Fed once again raise interest rates near the second half of the economic growth momentum will be weakened. "For the economic trend of 2017, Morgan Stanley Huaxin Securities chief economist Zhang Jun on the" China Business "reporter said.

    Wang Jun, deputy director of the Information Center of China International Economic Exchange, told reporters that "the economy is expected to remain stable in the first half, which is visible from the latest PMI data, but the economy will face uncertainties at home and abroad in the second half of the year.

    For domestic and foreign uncertainty factors, according to him, the external factors mainly refers to Trump after taking office on the impact of China's foreign trade uncertainty; domestic factors is the real estate investment will continue to slow down or rebound, and local two proposed Whether the implementation of the investment plan is also uncertain.

    In accordance with established practice, in the national meeting held this month, the Prime Minister's government work report will put forward the annual economic growth target.

     "Steady" word to take the lead in reform speed

    The economy back to the steady recovery zone, but also for the reform to continue to make room for the advance.

    The 15th session of the Central Finance Leading Group has put forward four key areas of work: to produce capacity, to control financial risks, to guide the smooth development of real estate and establish long-term mechanism and revitalize the manufacturing industry. The scope is not a new area, but sort out, all reflect the requirements of further reform.

    To the production capacity will be strictly disposed of "zombie enterprises" referred to the core position, Tengnuo resources corresponding to "revitalize the manufacturing industry", the essence is to enhance the efficiency of the reform requirements; financial reform policy focus shifted to "risk", while return to the service economy The real estate positioning return to the "living" attribute, which will lead the development of long-term mechanism for real estate development.

    Taking into account the Central Financial Leadership Group meeting held in the two weeks before the two sessions of the country, the market expected these topics will also be the two sessions this year, an important focus of attention.

     "Macroeconomic policy point of view the year the tone is 'steady growth, control risk', neutral monetary policy with a proactive fiscal policy." Zhang Jun told reporters.

    Central Bank Research Bureau Xu Zhong recently announced that monetary policy in the intensity to be more neutral, it is necessary to maintain the basic stability of the total liquidity, but also have some pressure to oppose. Monetary policy in the implementation of more emphasis on the expected management.

    Wang Jun told reporters, "monetary policy from sound to stable neutrality, which shows that this year's monetary policy environment may be more tight than last year, but also means that investment demand may fall."

    But Zhang Jun also pointed out that the neutral monetary policy is more to promote the financial deleveraging, so the real economy will not feel the liquidity tightening; positive fiscal policy in addition to the efforts to increase financial spending, to promote PPP to encourage Private capital to participate in infrastructure investment will be one of the direction.

    In this regard, UBS China chief economist Wang Tao sent to reporters that the budget deficit rate may be from last year's 3% to 3.5%, but most of the fiscal policy support may continue through PPP and other quasi-financial channels. And the government is expected to continue to promote the local government debt replacement, the total size is likely to more than 5 trillion yuan.

     "Fiscal policy may be mainly in infrastructure investment and manufacturing investment in the field." Wang Jun also admitted that the financial force, after all, is an external factor, and will be subject to fiscal deficits and other constraints, the future remains to be internal factors - private investment Growth rate of recovery.

    Data show that in 2016, China's fixed asset investment growth rate of 8.1%, of which the growth rate of state-owned enterprises as high as 18.7%, private investment growth rate of only 3.2%.

    Deputy Director of the Central Committee of the People's Republic of China and Chairman of the Association of Private Investment Enterprises of Zhejiang Province Zhou Dewen was invited by the Central United Front Department in 1916 to carry out private investment research in Hubei. He told reporters that "to 'pretty girl first marry', is a good project to give priority to private capital to enter, so that they can get the sweetness, and gradually establish confidence, so that private enterprises can have a higher enthusiasm to invest in the project. "

     "Guide to private investment to participate in investment, and now there are at least six aspects can be improved: to improve the policy environment; to clarify the relationship between government and enterprises, to create pro-business, business and love business atmosphere, which makes private enterprises under the guidance of government investment; To strengthen the financial reform, to promote equity financing, and the development of the bond market, the development of the capital market, the development of the capital market, the development of the bond market, the development of the bond market, the development of the bond market, , To increase the proportion of direct financing, help enterprises to solve the problem of financing and financing expensive. "Zhou Dewen said.

    Zhang Hanyuan, chairman of the Standing Committee of the 11th CPPCC National Committee and Tongwei Group, told reporters. "We have already felt that all levels of government from the central to the local governments have begun to pay close attention to the economy. From the indicators of this year, If the tax burden of the enterprise can be further solved, we believe that this year 's economic situation will be optimistic, with the joint efforts of the government, society and enterprises.

Summarization of Several Common Materials for Carbide Cold Piers

(1) alloy steel mold is the early drawing die manufacturing materials. The material used to make the alloy steel mold is mainly carbon tool steel and alloy tool steel. However, due to the hardness of the alloy steel mold and poor wear resistance, short life, can not meet the needs of modern production, so the alloy steel mold was soon eliminated, in the current production and processing has almost no alloy steel mold.
(2) Carbide molds are made of hard alloy. Carbide belongs to tungsten cobalt alloy, its main component is tungsten carbide and cobalt. Tungsten carbide is the alloy "skeleton", mainly from the hard wear resistance; cobalt is a bonding metal, is the source of alloy toughness. Therefore, the cemented carbide die has the following characteristics compared with the alloy steel mold: high wear resistance, good polishing, little adhesion, low coefficient of friction, low energy consumption, high corrosion resistance, and these characteristics make the carbide drawing Mold has a wide range of processing adaptability, become the most widely used drawing die.
(3) natural diamond is carbon isomer, with its production of the mold with high hardness, good wear resistance and so on. But the natural diamond brittle larger, more difficult to process, generally used in the manufacture of diameter 1.2mm below the drawing die. In addition, the natural diamond is expensive, the supply shortage, so the natural diamond mold is not the ultimate people seeking the economic and practical drawing tool.
(4) Polycrystalline diamond is carefully selected by the excellent quality of synthetic diamond single crystal with a small amount of silicon, titanium and other bonding agent, in the high temperature and pressure conditions from polymerization. Polycrystalline diamond has a high hardness and good abrasion resistance, and it has its own unique advantages over other materials: due to the anisotropy of natural diamonds, when the entire hole is in the process of drawing In the working state, the natural diamond in the hole will occur in a certain position of wear and tear; and polycrystalline diamond is polycrystalline, with isotropic characteristics, thus avoiding the die hole wear uneven and die hole is not round phenomenon. Compared with cemented carbide, polycrystalline diamond tensile strength is only 70% of the commonly used carbide, but harder than hard alloy 250%, so that the polycrystalline diamond mold than the carbide die has more advantages The With the polycrystalline diamond made of drawing die wear resistance, the hole wear evenly, impact resistance, drawing high efficiency, and the price is much cheaper than natural diamond. So the current polycrystalline diamond drawing die in the drawing industry is widely used.
(5) CVD (chemical vapor deposition) It has the advantages of single crystal diamond finish, temperature resistance, but also has the wear resistance of polycrystalline diamond and the advantages of low price, in addition to rare natural diamond preparation drawing tool Very good results, its extensive use will bring new vitality to the drawing die industry.
(6) high-performance ceramic materials with high hardness, good wear resistance, chemical stability, high temperature mechanical properties and easy adhesion with the metal and other characteristics, can be widely used in difficult processing of materials processing. In the past three decades, the addition of various carbides, nitrides, borides, oxides, whiskers or a small amount of metal has been developed due to the effective control of the purity and grain size of the raw material in the ceramic material manufacturing process. As well as the use of a variety of toughening reinforcement mechanism, so that the strength of ceramic materials, toughness, impact resistance have been greatly improved.
(7) coating drawing die is a newly developed a new technology, the main method is in the carbide drawing die coated with metal film. Metal film is a pure titanium coating, it not only has a good finish, temperature resistance, but also with the wear resistance of titanium and low price advantages, in place of carbide cutting tool tools to achieve good results.

China's manufacturing expansion in February than expected in 2017 the economy started strong performance

The increase in demand and stimulus measures continued to affect the growth momentum, in February a measure of manufacturing activity in China, an increase in official indicators than expected, showing strong economic performance in 2017.

    According to the US "Wall Street Journal" website reported on March 1, China's National Bureau of Statistics announced on Wednesday, February official manufacturing purchasing managers index (PMI) from 51.3 in January rose to 51.6.

    The 10 economists who had previously been interviewed by the Wall Street Journal reported an estimate of 51.3.PMI has risen above 50 for more than 50 consecutive years.

    New orders index, output index and export index and other indicators have increased. Wednesday's February China's official non-manufacturing PMI fell to 54.2 from 54.6 in January.

    In addition, Wednesday's February PMI's new manufacturing PMI rose to 51.7 from 51.0 in January.

    Industrial Finance economist Zhang Fan said, PMI's rise unexpectedly, mainly due to the performance of mainstream steel and other industries stronger than expected. He said the economic growth momentum is better than expected, so there is no pressure in the near future, but the second half may be slightly slower growth.

    Economists said the outlook for manufacturing in February provided more room for policymakers to cope with financial risks and advancing reforms. However, they said that in the restructuring of state-owned enterprises and local government debt made any significant progress in the time, may be postponed until this fall.

    National Bureau of Statistics economist Zhao Qinghe on Wednesday with the manufacturing PMI released comments that domestic and international demand has improved, business confidence in the future development continued to increase, especially the equipment manufacturing and high-tech manufacturing.

    According to Reuters reported on March 1, China's industrial activity in February to expand faster than expected, domestic and export demand increases, which further shows that the global economy in people worried about the momentum of trade protectionism rising again to win the momentum.

    The official and private business survey released Wednesday showed that both manufacturing output and order growth both accelerated in February, giving the government more room to focus on defusing the financial risks facing the economy as debt continued to rise.

    "This is where China 's official manufacturing PMI is growing for the seventh consecutive month, meaning that industrial activity is still on the uptrend," said Zhou Hao, an emerging market economist at the German commercial bank in Singapore.

    Zhou said that China's central bank "is very likely" to raise short-term interest rates by 10 basis points in March, which will be the third since months, because the government is more confident that the economic base is solid.

    In the case of increased risk of debt explosion, the central bank in recent months to change the attitude of caution, from years of ultra-loose policy to bias tightening, the purpose is to get rid of the world's second largest economy, the risk of hard landing.

    Wednesday's official manufacturing PMI rose to 51.6 in 3 months, up from 51.1 of the previous forecast.

    China's industrial sector benefited from the construction industry boom that started last year, from cement to steel and other building materials demand and prices, increased sales and profits.

    February industrial output growth accelerated to 53.7, higher than the 53.1 in January; new orders total growth rate also accelerated.

China's carbide production accounts for about 40% of the world, but sales of nearly 20%

China's carbide production accounts for about 40% of the world, but sales of nearly 20%, high-performance high-end products less development of such products is the top priority of carbide development. More likely:
1, cermet tool carbide
Metal ceramic tool components generally contain 20% of the WC, tool materials are Al2O3, Si3N4, Sialon and so on. Cermets can be made into indexable inserts or the overall tool (reamers and cutters) are mainly used for applications where the finishing surface is required. Ceramic cutting tools in the processing of hardened steel, Incol718 and other difficult to process materials, the coated carbide Tool with a higher processing efficiency.
2, sub-fine carbide
Submicron carbide accounts for nearly 25% of the world's cemented carbide market and continues to increase. As the computer, mobile phones and other products to the miniaturization of development, at the same time due to update the better PVD coating technology support. PVD coated blades are usually in fine cutting and are therefore consistent with the trend of industrial near net forming.
3, gradient cemented carbide
Gradient Carbide (which does not contain off-beta-based cemented carbide) is a hot topic in recent years and can be divided into C gradient, Co gradient and grain size gradient, or both. Can be applied to cutting tools, mining tools and wear parts. In addition, the gradient cemented carbide may also be used as the matrix of the super-hard material composite sheet to improve the bonding strength between the cemented carbide and the diamond / boron nitride interface.
4, cutting tool carbide
In addition, the cutting tool is the largest value of carbide products in a piece, the domestic coating can be transferred to 70% of the blade market to rely on imports, this part of the carbide material should focus on the development.
5, other
But also includes ultra-coarse crystalline cemented carbide, can be used as a mining alloy for fracture toughness is the main reason for the failure of the occasion; mesh (biphase) carbide alloy alloy ball teeth; unbonded phase carbide for optical Lens molds, water jet nozzles, etc .; rare earth cemented carbide, such as in the Co bonding phase to add Re and Cr elements, improve the carbide die die processing performance.

The ceramic tool has been implemented to replace some of the carbide cutting tools

With the combination of tool technology and machine tool technology, workpiece materials and tool materials to promote each other, aerospace manufacturing industry continues to develop. It can be said that the continuous development of tool materials is the driving force for the continuous development of aerospace manufacturing. At present, aerospace manufacturing industry widely used tooling grades up to thousands of models, according to the tool material to divide, nothing more than the following categories: tool steel (carbon tool steel, alloy tool steel, high speed steel), carbide , Ceramic and superhard tool material. Carbon tool steel is suitable for manufacturing hand tools, carbon tool steel T10A and T12A applications are more extensive.
In the aviation manufacturing industry, the proportion of carbide cutting tools is the largest. Carbide tool in the aviation manufacturing is the leading tool, the scope of application is quite wide, in the NC tool material dominated. Carbide has become the main tool material, so that the cutting process to achieve the transition to the carbide age, due to different grades of carbide characteristics of different characteristics, and therefore its scope of application is also different. Carbide can be used not only to manufacture a variety of machine can be translatable tool, and can create a whole type of end mills, reamers, taps and drill bits. Carbide tools are divided into ordinary hard alloy, coated carbide, ultrafine particles of cemented carbide, carbon (nitrogen) titanium-based cemented carbide.
YT-type cemented carbide with YG class and YW class most of the excellent performance in the aerospace manufacturing industry is more widely used. Coated carbide has a higher hardness than the matrix, wear resistance, heat resistance, widely used. Ultrafine particles Carbide can be used in a wide range of intermittent cutting. Carbon (nitrogen) titanium-based cemented carbide is mainly used for the continuous surface finishing and semi-finishing of steel parts.
At present, China's ceramic tool application is still in its infancy, the actual application of the development of slower. Ceramic cutting tools are mainly used for hard alloy cutting tools(or carbide tools) difficult to cut the workpiece roughing. Aerospace manufacturing industry to promote the use of ceramic tools for a long time, in the ceramic tool geometric parameters, cutting the amount of use and technology need to accumulate experience. Ceramic materials Compared with cemented carbide, ceramic materials have higher hardness, thermal and abrasion resistance. Ceramic tool chemical stability, antioxidant capacity are better than carbide, very suitable for dry continuous high-speed cutting high-temperature alloys, hardened just, bearing steel, high strength steel and other difficult to process materials. Aero engines in the application of many high-temperature alloys, shaft parts more, it is the ceramic tool to play its advantages. To achieve efficient processing, to replace some of the ceramic cutting tool carbide tool is completely feasible. Ceramic tool is not a universal tool, only the correct use in order to give full play to its superiority.